Chemical Composition and Antibacterial Activity of Subcritical CO₂ Extract of Beta vulgaris L.

Abstract

The perpetual quest for novel antimicrobial agents is an ongoing endeavor within the scientific community. Contemporary investigations concerning members of the family Amaranthaceae, Beta vulgaris, have disclosed significant therapeutic properties in plants that were formerly exclusively employed as dietary resources. The roots and stems of red beets (Beta vulgaris L. var. conditiva) have been found to possess medicinal properties attributed to the presence of betalains and phenols. Furthermore, there exists an inadequacy of information regarding the biological activity pertaining to the seeds of this particular species. The aim of our research was to study the chemical composition of Beta vulgaris L. seeds and evaluate their antibacterial activity. Research objects: Subcritical CO₂ extracts of Beta vulgaris L. liquid POCO₂. The component composition of the extract was determined on a Clarus 580 gas chromatograph (Perkin Elmer) with a Clarus-SQ mass spectrometric detector. Antibacterial activity was measured using strains recommended by the Republic of Kazakhstan's state pharmacopoeia. According to the results of the analysis of the chemical composition of the liquid CO₂ extract - 11 components. The dominant compounds in the extract of Beta vulgaris L. are phenol and creosol. The results of the determination of antibacterial activity make it possible to determine that the liquid CO₂ extract of beet seeds has a moderately pronounced potential for antibacterial and antifungal activity at a dosage of 25, 50, and 100 μg against microorganisms S. aureus, B. subtilis, E. coli, P. vulgaris, and yeast fungus C. albicans.